Consensus estimate is that ~15GW of AI compute produced in 2027 cannot be turned on in 2027. This is harder than just finding power, as you also need to build out all the transformers, wiring, liquid-cooling, (massive) chillers & complex networking.

Elon Musk highlights a potential bottleneck in AI compute deployment for 2027. He notes that significant infrastructure beyond just power generation is required, including transformers, wiring, cooling systems, and networking.